A dimensionless quantity is a physical quantity that has no units or dimensions. These quantities often arise from ratios or mathematical constants. Some common examples include:
Pure Numbers: Constants like π, e, and Fibonacci numbers.
Ratios: Coefficients of friction, refractive index, and Poisson’s ratio.
Angles: Measured in radians or degrees, angles are dimensionless because they are ratios of arc length to radius.
Strain: The ratio of change in length to original length.
Reynolds Number: A key parameter in fluid mechanics, defined as
where all units cancel out, making it dimensionless.
Dimensionless quantities play a crucial role in physics and engineering as they help simplify equations and enable comparisons across different systems.
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